GLOSSARY

BWR
boiling water reactor - a direct-cycle thermal fission reactor used to produce electricity.

CANDU
CANada Deuterium Uranium Reactor - an indirect-cycle thermal fission reactor moderated with heavy water and used to produce electricity.

cGy
centigray - a measure of radiation intensity.

EJ
exajoule - a very large unit of energy, equal to 1 billion (1 000 000 000) gigajoules, and equivalent to approximately 23.5 million tonnes of oil.

FBR
fast breeder feactor - a reactor that operates with fast neutrons instead of slow neutrons and is fueled with plutonium and uranium, capable of breeding more plutonium than it consumes.

GDP
gross domestic product - a measure of the economic output of a country or region.

GJ
gigajoule - a large unit of energy, equal to 1 billion (1 000 000 000) joules, and equivalent to about 27.5Żlitres of gasoline.

Gtoe
gigaton oil equivalent.

GWe
gigawatt electric - a measure of electrical generating capacity, equal to 1 million kWe, or 1000 MWe.

IAEA
the International Atomic Energy Agency of the United Nations.

INSAG
the International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group.

kWe
kilowatt electric - equal to 1 kilowatt of electricity.

mSv
millisievert - a measure of radiation dose. The average person receives about 3 mSv per year from natural background and medical procedures.

MWe
megawatt electric - a measure of electrical generating capacity, equal to 1000 kWe.

NPT
the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.

PWR
pressurized water reactor - an indirect-cycle thermal fission reactor used to produce electricity.

plutonium
an element that is produced by bombarding uranium with neutrons. The term plutonium is often used to mean the fissionable isotope, plutonium-239, which is produced in reactors and can be used as fuel for generating electricity. It can also be used in weapons.

Purex
a liquid solvent extraction method of reprocessing used nuclear fuel to separate fission products from uranium and plutonium.

uranium-233
a fissionable isotope of uranium that does not occur in nature but can be produced by bombarding thorium with neutrons.

uranium-235
a fissionable isotope of uranium, comprising about 0.7% of the natural uranium mined from the earth. When separated from the uranium-238, it can also be used in weapons.

uranium-238
a fertile isotope of uranium comprising about 99.3% of the natural uranium mined from the earth. Uranium-238 can be converted to a fissionable isotope of plutonium by bombardment with neutrons.

UNSCEAR
the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation.

WANO
the World Association of Nuclear Operators.

WEC
the World Energy Council - an international body of organizations involved in the production and use of energy.